Syria

{"ftc_utility":"low","fbar_trigger_notes":"FBAR filing is required if aggregate balances in foreign financial accounts exceed $10,000 at any point during the year. Holding accounts at Syrian banks is highly problematic for US persons due to OFAC sanctions. Syrian pound (SYP) accounts at sanctioned banks may themselves constitute a sanctions violation separate from FBAR obligations.","ftc_utility_reason":"Even where Syrian income tax is theoretically levied on earned income, the practical ability to pay Syrian taxes and claim a foreign tax credit is severely limited by US sanctions on Syria. Payments to the Syrian government may constitute prohibited transactions under OFAC regulations. FTC utility is therefore very low in practice.","presence_day_count_notes":"The US State Department has suspended embassy operations in Syria since 2012 and advises against all travel. The Syrian government's control over territory has been highly fragmented. Establishing 330 days of presence in Syria is theoretically possible for the physical presence test but is not feasible for virtually any US expat given the active conflict, sanctions, and lack of consular services. OFAC sanctions broadly restrict US persons from financial transactions in Syria, further complicating any residency arrangement.","typical_qualifying_method":"physical_presence","housing_exclusion_available":true,"physical_presence_test_applies":false,"estimated_housing_exclusion_usd":null,"local_tax_rate_on_earned_income":0.22,"bona_fide_residence_test_applies":false}

{"pension_income":{"notes":"Foreign pension income received by Syrian tax residents is subject to progressive income tax at rates up to 22%. No treaty relief applies. Actual tax collection is extremely limited given ongoing conflict and sanctions.","tax_rate":0.22,"locally_taxed":true},"social_security":{"notes":"No totalization agreement or tax treaty between the US and Syria. US Social Security benefits received by a Syrian resident are not exempt under local law by treaty. Practical enforcement is essentially absent.","locally_taxed":true,"treaty_protection":false},"roth_distributions":{"notes":"No treaty exemption available. Roth distributions are not specifically recognized as tax-free under Syrian law. Any amount received would technically be subject to the standard income tax framework, though enforcement is negligible in practice.","locally_taxed":true},"us_401k_ira_distributions":{"notes":"No US-Syria tax treaty exists. Distributions from US retirement accounts received by a Syrian tax resident would in principle be taxed as foreign-source income at progressive rates up to 22%. Syria taxes residents on worldwide income, though enforcement is highly limited given the country's situation. Practical ability to remit or report such income is severely constrained by US sanctions on Syria.","tax_rate":0.22,"locally_taxed":true,"treaty_protection":false}}

{"rate":0.22,"notes":"Syria does not have a standalone capital gains tax. Gains on asset disposals are generally treated as ordinary income and taxed at standard progressive rates up to 22%.","details":{"tax_type":"Capital Gains Tax","country_name":"Syria","country_iso_code":"SYR","source_references":["Syrian Income Tax Law No. 24 of 2003 and subsequent amendments","EY Worldwide Personal Tax Guide (historical)","KPMG country notes"],"last_verified_date":"2026-06-03","general_description":"No separate capital gains tax exists in Syria. Gains realized from the sale of assets are folded into ordinary taxable income and subject to progressive income tax rates. Real property transfers may attract specific stamp duties or real estate transaction taxes separate from income tax.","corporate_capital_gains":{"rate":0.28,"tax_treatment":"Gains included in corporate taxable income and taxed at the standard corporate income tax rate of 28%."},"individual_capital_gains":{"rate":0.22,"tax_treatment":"Gains treated as ordinary income and taxed at progressive individual rates up to 22%. Real estate gains may be subject to a separate property transfer tax rather than income tax depending on transaction structure."}}}

{"notes":"Dividends paid to individual shareholders from Syrian companies are subject to withholding tax. Syria's conflict and sanctions environment means enforcement and actual practice may differ from statutory rules. No US-Syria tax treaty exists.","rates":[{"rate":0.07,"type":"withholding","notes":"Statutory withholding rate on dividends distributed to individual shareholders under Syrian income tax law. Rate may vary depending on company type and profit distribution structure."}]}