Serbia

{"ftc_utility":"medium","fbar_trigger_notes":"US expats with Serbian bank accounts exceeding $10,000 aggregate at any point in the calendar year must file FBAR (FinCEN 114). Serbian banks are not FATCA-exempt and report US person account data. Expats should open accounts at major Serbian banks (e.g. Banca Intesa, UniCredit, Raiffeisen) which are FATCA-compliant.","ftc_utility_reason":"Serbia imposes income tax at 10-15% on employment income, which is lower than the US top marginal rate. The foreign tax credit can offset some US tax liability on amounts above the FEIE limit, but the relatively low Serbian tax rate means the FTC may not fully eliminate US tax on high earners. Salaried employees also face significant social contributions (PIO pension 10%, health 5.15%, unemployment 0.75% employee side) which are generally not creditable for US FTC purposes.","presence_day_count_notes":"US citizens can stay in Serbia without a visa for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. For longer stays, a temporary residence permit is required. The 330-day physical presence test can be met by counting days across Serbia and other countries; the 90-day limit applies to visa-free entry only. Expats establishing bona fide residence typically obtain a temporary residence permit, which is available for employment, business activity, or family reunification.","typical_qualifying_method":"either","housing_exclusion_available":true,"physical_presence_test_applies":true,"estimated_housing_exclusion_usd":16000,"local_tax_rate_on_earned_income":0.1,"bona_fide_residence_test_applies":true}

{"pension_income":{"notes":"Foreign pension income received by Serbian residents is taxable. The 10% rate applies to annual pension income up to RSD 3,654,000 (approximately EUR 31,000 at current rates); 15% applies above that threshold. A standard personal deduction reduces the taxable base.","tax_rate":0.1,"locally_taxed":true},"social_security":{"notes":"The US-Serbia treaty (derived from the 1981 US-Yugoslavia treaty) does not include a specific provision exempting US Social Security benefits from Serbian taxation. Benefits received by Serbian residents are potentially taxable as pension income at the applicable PIT rates.","locally_taxed":true,"treaty_protection":false},"roth_distributions":{"notes":"Serbia does not recognize the Roth IRA structure. Qualified distributions that are tax-free in the US may still be subject to Serbian income tax as pension or investment income for Serbian residents. No specific exemption exists under the Yugoslavia-era treaty.","locally_taxed":true},"us_401k_ira_distributions":{"notes":"The US-Serbia tax treaty is based on the old US-Yugoslavia treaty (signed 1981, still in effect). Its coverage of pension distributions is limited and does not clearly exempt US 401k or IRA distributions from Serbian tax. Serbian-resident recipients would generally owe Serbian income tax on foreign pension distributions. The 10% or 15% progressive bracket applies depending on total annual income. Treaty relief should be confirmed with a qualified advisor.","tax_rate":0.15,"locally_taxed":true,"treaty_protection":false}}

{"rate":0.15,"notes":"Capital gains on sale of real estate and securities are taxed at a flat 15%. A holding period reduction applies - gains on assets held over 10 years may be exempt in certain cases.","details":{"tax_type":"Capital Gains Tax","country_name":"Serbia","country_iso_code":"SRB","source_references":["PwC Worldwide Tax Summaries - Serbia","Serbian Personal Income Tax Law"],"last_verified_date":"2026-06-03","general_description":"Serbia taxes capital gains separately from ordinary income at a flat 15% rate. Gains arise from the sale of real estate, shares, intellectual property rights, and other assets. The taxable gain is the difference between sale price and acquisition cost, adjusted for inflation in some cases. Gains on assets held more than 10 years are exempt from tax.","corporate_capital_gains":{"rate":0.15,"tax_treatment":"Corporate capital gains are included in taxable profit and taxed at the standard corporate income tax rate of 15%. Participation exemption may apply for gains on qualifying shareholdings."},"individual_capital_gains":{"rate":0.15,"tax_treatment":"Flat 15% tax on capital gains from disposal of real estate, securities, and other assets. Assets held more than 10 years are exempt. Losses can be carried forward 5 years to offset future capital gains."}}}

{"notes":"Dividends paid to resident individuals are subject to a 15% withholding tax. Dividends paid to non-resident individuals are also subject to 20% withholding unless reduced by a tax treaty. Serbia has treaties with approximately 60 countries.","rates":[{"rate":0.15,"type":"withholding","notes":"Standard rate for resident individuals receiving dividends from Serbian companies."},{"rate":0.2,"type":"withholding","notes":"Default non-resident withholding rate on dividends before treaty reduction."},{"rate":0.05,"type":"withholding","notes":"Reduced treaty rate available under many of Serbia's double tax treaties, e.g. Austria, Netherlands, Germany."}]}