Canada's Bill C-3 changes citizenship by descent for grandchildren
Bill C-3 took effect December 15, 2025, removing the first-generation limit for people born abroad who can trace an unbroken line to a Canadian ancestor. Anyone born before that date inherits citizenship through the same line, while those born on or after it face a 1,095-day physical presence test for their Canadian parent.
Grandchildren born abroad after December 15, 2025 may need their Canadian parent to meet the 1,095-day presence test, or the parent may sponsor the child for permanent residence before applying for a citizenship grant.
Who it affects: People born abroad to a Canadian parent who descends from a Canadian ancestor in an unbroken line, especially grandchildren born on or after December 15, 2025.
Effective date: Dec 15, 2025
General information only, not legal or immigration advice. Always confirm with the official source before you apply.