Xianyang, China

Capital City

With a population of nearly 5 million, Xianyang is an industrial powerhouse in central China, but one that comes with significant trade-offs. The city's long history as an imperial capital has left it with an abundance of cultural sites, but the bureaucracy involved in navigating them is a persistent headache. And while the temperate climate and scenic landscapes around the Wei River are appealing, prolonged drought and groundwater depletion pose environmental challenges. Xianyang may appeal to those passionate about Chinese history and willing to navigate its administrative complexities, but it's no paradise.