Wuwei, China

With a population of 1.46 million, Wuwei is a major hub in northwest China, but don't expect a smooth transition if you're moving there. The harsh desert climate, with summer temperatures exceeding 45°C, is just the start of your troubles. Navigating the bureaucracy is a persistent headache, as Wuwei's strategic location along the historic Hexi Corridor has made it a crossroads of cultures and regimes throughout history. Still, the city's fertile land and robust agricultural industry could appeal to adventurous types seeking an off-the-beaten-path experience in China.