Ludhiana, India

Capital City

With a population of over 1.6 million, Ludhiana is India's most densely populated urban center. The city's thriving industrial economy produces a substantial 60% of India's tractor parts and over half the country's bicycles, but its aggressive bureaucracy and severe air pollution are persistent headaches. Ludhiana may appeal to those seeking economic opportunity, but its congestion and environmental challenges make it a poor fit for those seeking a relaxed quality of life.