Cameroon flag

Cameroon

Data updated Jul 8, 2026

Overall Score

Holistic attractiveness score (0–100) based on cost, healthcare, safety, and quality of life.

33.0

Challenging

Avg. Rent (1BR)

Average monthly rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city center, in USD.

$278

-84% vs US Avg

Safety Index

A proprietary ranking based on crime reports, political stability, and expat-specific safety feedback.

31.8

COL Index

A relative measure of living expenses compared to our US baseline (New York City = 100). A score of 46.5 means this location is 53.5% cheaper than NYC for a standard expat lifestyle.

36.2

⚠️

Level 2 — Exercise Increased Caution

Please check the latest official travel advisories for Cameroon before planning your trip.

Cameroon is not a retirement or FIRE destination for most Americans, and being direct about that matters before anything else. The Level 2 advisory covers the whole country, but that understates the reality: the Anglophone regions in the Northwest and Southwest have been in active armed conflict since 2017, the Far North faces Boko Haram incursions, and the East has spillover instability from the Central African Republic. The people who have legitimate reasons to be here are typically NGO workers, development professionals, or expats with deep prior ties to Francophone Africa. If you are considering Cameroon purely for cost arbitrage, there are safer French-speaking African countries, and there are cheaper Southeast Asian countries with far less friction.

The numbers look attractive until you stress-test them. A single person spending roughly $760 per month excluding rent, plus a city-center one-bedroom at around $278, gets you to just over $1,000 per month all-in on paper. Yaound and Douala are where most expats end up, and the landlord market in those cities increasingly prices decent apartments in expat-adjacent neighborhoods at $400 to $600 per month, which pushes the real budget closer to $1,200 to $1,400. Imported goods carry heavy markups because Cameroon's port logistics are slow and customs is unpredictable. A bottle of Western spirits, a reliable internet router, or anything not locally produced costs two to three times what you would pay in Portugal or Colombia for the same item.

The practical friction is substantial. Fixed broadband clocks in at a median of around 37 Mbps download with 110ms latency, which is workable for video calls but unreliable enough that remote workers should budget for a 4G backup. Power cuts in Douala can run several hours per day, so a generator or inverter setup is a real cost, not optional. The healthcare index of 32.1 out of 100 means you should treat Cameroon as a medical evacuation country: carry evac insurance through a provider like Medjet or GeoBlue and plan to fly to South Africa or Europe for anything beyond minor care. Malaria prophylaxis is a permanent line item. Bureaucracy around residency permits is slow and inconsistent, and banking as a foreigner without a local employer is genuinely difficult.

US expats in Cameroon owe taxes to the IRS on worldwide income regardless of where they live, as citizenship-based taxation applies. There is no US-Cameroon tax treaty, so you cannot rely on treaty provisions to reduce double taxation. The Foreign Earned Income Exclusion lets you exclude up to $126,500 of earned income for 2024 if you meet the physical presence or bona fide residence test, which most full-time residents will qualify for. The Foreign Tax Credit is the more relevant tool if you are earning passive income or have income above the exclusion threshold, since Cameroon's personal income tax tops out at 38.5%. FBAR and FATCA reporting apply if you hold more than $10,000 in Cameroonian bank accounts. Given the lack of a treaty and the complexity of operating in a country with inconsistent banking infrastructure, using a CPA experienced in African expat taxation is not optional here.

Capital
Yaoundé
Official Language
English, French
Time Zone
UTC+01:00
Region
Africa
Population
26,545,864
Healthcare Index
32.1
Internet Speed
36.75 Mbps
Climate Zones
tropical
🌍

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Explore data visually

🏙️ Top Cities in Cameroon

Explore cost of living, walkability scores, and expat ratings for individual cities in Cameroon.

Yaoundé

CoL Index: 49

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 55/100

Est. Total: ~$736/mo

Douala

CoL Index: 48

🔥 FIRE: 78/100🏖️ Retiree: 49/100

Est. Total: ~$1,270/mo

Tchéboa

CoL Index: 22

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$380/mo

Bamenda

CoL Index: 36

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$728/mo

Maroua

CoL Index: 31

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 39/100

Est. Total: ~$720/mo

Bertoua

CoL Index: 36

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 40/100

Est. Total: ~$950/mo

Buea

CoL Index: 34

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 59/100

Est. Total: ~$800/mo

Nkongsamba

CoL Index: 39

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$920/mo

Foumban

CoL Index: 31

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$680/mo

Kumbo

CoL Index: 28

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 43/100

Est. Total: ~$630/mo

Limbe

CoL Index: 41

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 48/100

Est. Total: ~$930/mo

Mbalmayo

CoL Index: 31

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$660/mo

Dschang

CoL Index: 29

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 56/100

Est. Total: ~$620/mo

Foumbot

CoL Index: 28

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 42/100

Est. Total: ~$560/mo

Bafia

CoL Index: 23

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$500/mo

Tibati

CoL Index: 24

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 43/100

Est. Total: ~$460/mo

Mora

CoL Index: 27

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 37/100

Est. Total: ~$580/mo

Kribi

CoL Index: 20

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 45/100

Est. Total: ~$385/mo

Yagoua

CoL Index: 19

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 40/100

Est. Total: ~$340/mo

Mbouda

CoL Index: 36

🔥 FIRE: 92/100🏖️ Retiree: 60/100

Est. Total: ~$650/mo

View all cities in Cameroon

How far does $1,500 go in Cameroon?

With a monthly budget of $1,500, you can live comfortably in Cameroon. After accounting for an average rent of $$278, you have approximately $1,222remaining for daily expenses.

Calculate your FIRE timeline with these costs →

💰 Cost of Living in Cameroon

Single Person Monthly Cost (no rent):
$761
Rent 1BR Apartment (City Center):
$278
Cost of Living Index (vs NYC):

Relative to New York City (NYC = 100). A lower number means it's cheaper.

36.2
Rent Index (vs NYC):

Relative to New York City (NYC = 100). A lower number means rent is cheaper.

17.2
Groceries Index (vs NYC):

Relative to New York City (NYC = 100). A lower number means groceries are cheaper.

34.7
Restaurant Price Index (vs NYC):

Relative to New York City (NYC = 100). A lower number means eating out is cheaper.

42.2

Cost Comparison Notes:

Summary of cost of living in Cameroon: The estimated monthly costs for a family of four are $2,641.4 (1,501,078.8CFA), excluding rent. The estimated monthly costs for a single person are $761.0 (432,497.3CFA), excluding rent.

🛒 Grocery & Family Costs

Milk (1L)
$2.66
Eggs (12)
$2.10
Rice (1kg)
$1.70
Chicken (1kg)
$5.44

Family Costs

Preschool (Monthly)
$526
International Primary School (Yearly)
$3,394
Family Monthly (No Rent)
$2,641

Can I afford to live in Cameroon?

$

Comfortable (1.0×): balanced baseline lifestyle. Adjusts day-to-day costs only — rent is unaffected.

Cameroon

You could save

1,961/mo

Savings Rate65%

Monthly Costs

Rent (Country Average)$278
Living (Country Average)$761

Attractiveness Scores

FIRE Score
(i)
61/100
Retiree Score
(i)
44/100
Lifestyle Score
(i)
54/100
💻Nomad Score
(i)
41/100

Based on national averages. City-level costs may vary. Browse cities in Cameroon

⚕️ Healthcare System

Our Top Pick for Nomads: SafetyWing

Flexible, subscription-based health cover for remote workers in Cameroon.

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Looking for more options? Check Ekta.

Healthcare Index

An estimation of the overall quality of the health care system. Higher is better.

32.1
Life Expectancy:
61.8years
English-Speaking Doctors:
limited

Quality & Affordability:

Cameroon's healthcare system is divided into public and private sectors. The public sector often faces challenges like limited resources and staffing shortages, leading many to rely on nurses and less qualified personnel. Private facilities generally offer better care and are preferred by expats.

Insurance Insights:

Private health insurance is recommended for access to better-quality private healthcare facilities.

🛂 Visa & Residency Pathways

🛂 Visa Services

Ready to apply for a Cameroon visa?

Get help with your application — tourist, long-stay, and residency visas processed online.

❌ Visa-Free Entry❌ VOA✅ e-Visa❌ Leads to PR

General Overview

Ease of Access Score (1-10):
4
Pathway to Residency:
complex
Pathway to Citizenship:
difficult

Process & Requirements:

Cameroon's immigration system is 'complex' and highly bureaucratic. Long-term residency is almost exclusively tied to obtaining a work permit sponsored by a local employer or by registering a business in the country. The process is known for being slow, document-intensive, and often requiring the assistance of a local agent or lawyer to navigate the various government ministries. There are no formal visa programs for retirement or passive income earners, which severely limits the options for independent residents.

The application for a long-stay visa must be made at a Cameroonian embassy abroad, followed by an application for the residence permit within the country. The lack of transparency and the heavy bureaucracy are significant challenges.

Residency & Citizenship Notes:

There is no pathway to permanent residency. The pathway to citizenship is 'difficult'. The law requires five years of residence to apply for naturalization. However, the process is highly discretionary and not a common route for foreigners. The most significant barrier is that Cameroonian law does not recognize dual citizenship. A person must renounce their previous citizenship to be naturalized. This makes citizenship an unattainable goal for most expats.

🛂 Visa Matcher

See which Cameroon visas you qualify for

Answer 10 quick questions and get matched to the right visa for your situation.

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Detailed Visa Options

🧳 Tourist & Short-Stay Information
Visa-Free Entry
No
Visa on Arrival (VOA)
No
e-Visa Available
Yes
Can Extend Stay
Yes

Extension Notes

A visa extension can be applied for at the immigration services in a major city like Yaoundé or Douala, but it is a discretionary process. Source: Directorate General for National Security, Cameroon.

General Visa Notes

US citizens must obtain an e-Visa online before traveling to Cameroon. The application requires a passport, flight booking, and hotel reservation. Proof of yellow fever vaccination is also a mandatory entry requirement.

Official Source: View Source

🌴 Retirement / Passive Income Visa

This country does not have a dedicated retirement visa, but the following notes provide guidance on pathways for retirees.

Income Notes

Cameroon does not have a retirement visa. Long-stay visas and residency are generally tied to employment or establishing a business. (French visa form, indicative of standard categories)

Official Source: https://www.delegfrance.org/IMG/pdf/formulaire_long_sejour_en.pdf

Health Insurance Notes

Cameroon does not have a retirement visa. For other long-stay visas, proof of health insurance is a standard requirement to ensure all medical expenses and potential repatriation are covered. Source: General information from Cameroonian consulates.

💻 Digital Nomad Visa

Income Notes

Cameroon does not have a digital nomad visa. All foreign nationals must obtain a work permit tied to a local employer to engage in any form of employment. Source: Ministry of External Relations of Cameroon.

📈 Investor Visa

Investment Details

Investment Options & Notes

Cameroon does not have a formal residency by investment program. A residence permit can be obtained by establishing a business, but there are no specific provisions for passive investors. Source: Cameroon Investment Promotion Agency.

Path to Citizenship

Offers Path to Citizenship
No

🛡️ Safety & Stability

Safety Index:

An estimation of overall safety level. Higher is better.

31.8
Crime Index:

An estimation of the overall level of crime. Lower is better.

57.3
Political Stability Index:

World Bank political stability estimate, rescaled to 0-100. Higher is better.

20
Expat Safety Rating:
low

Safety Notes:

Crime Rate: Cameroon has a high crime rate, with a Crime Index of 65.5. Violent crimes, including kidnapping for ransom, are common.

Types of Crime: Armed robbery, assault, carjacking, and maritime crimes. Terrorist activities contribute to insecurity.

Kidnapping Risk: High, particularly in the Northwest, Southwest, North, Far North, and parts of Adamawa and East Regions. Terrorist organizations pose a significant threat.

🏦 Taxation & Finance

🏦 Tax Snapshot

FEIE Interaction

FTC Utility: medium

Cameroon levies PIT at rates up to 38.5% which exceeds the US top marginal rate for many income levels, making the Foreign Tax Credit potentially useful to offset US tax on the same income. However enforcement and actual tax collection in practice can be inconsistent, and some US expats in Cameroon may have limited formal employment income subject to Cameroonian withholding. For those with properly documented Cameroonian tax paid, the FTC is viable. No tax treaty exists so FTC must rely entirely on the foreign tax credit provisions of the Internal Revenue Code.

Typical Qualifying Method
either

Presence Day Count Notes

Standard IRS 330-day physical presence test applies. Cameroon is a Level 3 or Level 4 travel advisory country (do not travel to certain regions including the Northwest and Southwest due to armed conflict). Extended presence in affected areas may be difficult or unsafe. The bona fide residence test can also be used for US citizens who establish genuine residence in Cameroon.

Housing Exclusion Available
Yes
Estimated Housing Exclusion
$18,000

FBAR Trigger Notes

FBAR filing required if aggregate value of foreign financial accounts exceeds $10,000 at any point during the calendar year. Local banks include Societe Generale Cameroon, Afriland First Bank, and Ecobank Cameroon. FATCA compliance among Cameroonian banks is limited - US expats should verify account reportability. FinCEN 114 applies as usual.

401k/IRA Treatment

Pension Income

Foreign pension income received by Cameroonian tax residents is generally included in taxable income and subject to progressive PIT rates up to 38.5%. Some deductions may apply under domestic rules for Cameroonian-source pension contributions but foreign pension income receives no preferential treatment.

Locally Taxed

Social Security

No US-Cameroon totalization or tax treaty exists. US Social Security benefits received by a Cameroon tax resident could be subject to Cameroonian PIT as foreign-source income. No exemption or credit mechanism is available under domestic law.

Locally Taxed

Roth Distributions

Roth distributions have no special recognition under Cameroonian tax law. Absent treaty protection, amounts received may be treated as income. In practice the after-tax nature of contributions is not recognised locally. Tax resident US expats should seek local advice.

Locally Taxed

US 401k/IRA Distributions

No tax treaty exists between the US and Cameroon. Distributions from US 401(k) or IRA accounts received by a Cameroon tax resident would be treated as foreign-source pension or income and subject to Cameroonian PIT at progressive rates up to 38.5%. There is no treaty mechanism to prevent double taxation.

Locally Taxed
Capital Gains Tax
Rate
16.5%

Cameroon does not have a single unified capital gains tax. Gains on the transfer of stocks, shares, bonds and similar securities (including indirect disposals) are taxed at a final flat rate of 16.5%, per the General Tax Code and confirmed by PwC. Gains on real property and other assets are generally treated as ordinary property income and folded into the progressive PIT schedule (up to 38.5%, before the 10% communal surtax/CAC). Some secondary sources cite a flat 30% rate specifically for real property gains, which could not be independently confirmed against the General Tax Code text. Capital gains paid to beneficiaries domiciled in a tax-haven jurisdiction are taxed at 33%.

Gains on stocks, shares and bonds are taxed at a final flat 16.5% rate regardless of holding period. Gains on real property and other assets are generally included in ordinary taxable income and taxed at progressive PIT rates (individuals, up to 38.5% plus 10% communal surtax) or the standard 33% CIT rate (corporations). Gains paid to tax-haven-domiciled beneficiaries are taxed at 33%.

Dividend Tax Rate

Dividends paid by Cameroonian companies are subject to a 16.5% withholding tax at source. This rate applies to both resident and non-resident recipients. No US-Cameroon tax treaty exists, so no treaty reduction is available for US persons. The withholding is generally a final tax for non-residents.

withholding

Rate: 16.5%

Standard WHT rate of 16.5% applies to dividends paid by Cameroonian entities. Final tax for non-residents. No treaty relief available for US persons.

Tax Treaties Notes:

No US-Cameroon tax treaty. Taxes residents on worldwide income. Complex tax bureaucracy.

Retiree Tax Benefits:

No specific benefits. Residency requires extensive documentation.

Cost Savings vs. U.S.:

Low costs (e.g., $700/month in Douala). Healthcare underdeveloped.

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☀️ Climate & Environment

Climate Zones:

Tropical
Average Temperature Range:
Summer: 28°C, Winter: 22°C
Average Humidity Range:
Average: 75-85%
Air Quality Index (AQI):

Our proprietary index measuring annual average PM2.5 concentration. Lower is better (0-5 is good).

27.6
Water Quality Index:

Our proprietary index for drinking water quality and sanitation. Higher is better.

0.6

Seasonal Variations:

Cameroon has a varied climate, with equatorial conditions in the south and semi-arid conditions in the north. The country experiences a wet season from May to October and a dry season from November to April. Rainfall is heaviest in the coastal and southern regions, while the northern areas are more prone to droughts. ([en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_of_Cameroon))

😊 Quality of Life

Expat Community Size:
small
English Proficiency:
medium
Expat Friendliness Score (1-10):
6

Cultural Amenities:

Museums & Cultural Institutions

  • National Museum of Cameroon in Yaoundé showcases the country's diverse cultural heritage.

  • Blackitude Museum in Yaoundé offers a collection of tribal masks, costumes, and carvings.

Performing Arts

  • Traditional dances and music are integral to Cameroonian ceremonies and festivals.

  • Makossa and Bikutsi are popular music genres originating from Cameroon.

Cultural Festivals

  • Ngondo Festival celebrates the culture of the Sawa people with water rituals and boat races.

  • Cameroon International Film Festival promotes African cinema and arts.

Culinary Culture

  • Ndolé, a dish made with bitter leaves and peanuts, is a national favorite.

  • Grilled fish and plantains are commonly enjoyed street foods.

🌐 Infrastructure & Connectivity

Average Internet Speed:
36.75Mbps
International Air Travel Access:
fair
Public Transit Quality:

Our proprietary ranking of public transit accessibility and reliability.

poor

Internet Reliability:

Cameroon has developing internet infrastructure with significant urban-rural disparities.

Speed & Quality: Fixed broadband averages around 20 Mbps in urban areas, much lower in rural regions.

Availability: Limited fixed infrastructure, concentrated in major cities. Mobile networks provide broader coverage.

Cost: Relatively expensive for local incomes, typically $25-40/month.

Reliability for Remote Work: Challenging for remote work due to slower speeds and reliability issues. Mobile connectivity may be more dependable than fixed broadband.

Transportation Network:

Cameroon has developing transportation infrastructure with challenges from diverse geography ranging from coast to mountains to forests.

Roads: Road network connects major cities but many rural roads are unpaved and challenging.

Rail: Limited rail network connecting major cities and extending to neighboring countries.

Domestic Travel: Domestic flights available; buses provide primary intercity transport on challenging roads.

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FAQ

Frequently Asked Questions about Cameroon

Click any question to expand the answer.

A single person can live on approximately $761 per month excluding rent, while families budget around $2,641 monthly. Rent for a one-bedroom apartment in the city center averages $278/month, dropping to $148 outside the center. These are among the lowest costs in Africa, but quality of life and services are correspondingly limited.
Cameroon has a safety index of 31.8 and crime index of 65.5, indicating significant safety concerns. The expat safety rating is not well-documented, and security challenges exist in certain regions. Most expats live in secured compounds in Yaoundé or Douala and exercise considerable caution; this is not a relaxed expat destination.
Cameroon's healthcare index is 32.1 with life expectancy at 61.8 years, reflecting limited medical infrastructure. English-speaking doctors are scarce, and serious medical conditions often require evacuation to Europe or North America. Expats typically purchase international health insurance and avoid relying on local facilities for complex care.
Yes, Americans require a visa to enter and reside in Cameroon. There is no retirement visa, digital nomad visa, or investor visa available. Visa options are limited to work permits (requiring employer sponsorship) or tourist visas, making long-term residency complicated for remote workers or retirees.
The pathway to citizenship in Cameroon is difficult and not designed for foreign nationals. Permanent residency is not easily obtained, and most expats operate on renewable work or tourist visas. Long-term residency requires ongoing bureaucratic navigation and is not guaranteed.
Cameroon is officially bilingual with English and French as national languages. However, English proficiency is rated as medium, and French is more widely spoken, especially outside major cities. Expats should expect to learn French or hire translators for daily life and bureaucratic matters.
Internet speeds average 20 Mbps, which is below the 50+ Mbps recommended for reliable remote work. Connectivity can be inconsistent, and power outages are common. Digital nomads and remote workers often struggle with reliability and should plan for backup connectivity solutions.
Cameroon has a small expat community, primarily concentrated in Yaoundé and Douala. Unlike popular expat destinations, you won't find established expat networks, co-working spaces, or social infrastructure. This isolation appeals to some but can be challenging for those seeking community and social engagement.
Cameroon has a tropical climate with average temperatures around 28°C in summer and 22°C in winter. The country experiences a rainy season and can be humid year-round. Climate is generally warm and stable but not a major draw for expats compared to other African destinations.
Americans are taxed on worldwide income by the U.S. regardless of where they live, including Cameroon. You can claim the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion (FEIE) if you qualify, potentially excluding up to $120,000 of foreign earned income from U.S. taxes. Cameroon's local tax system is complex and poorly documented; consult a tax professional familiar with both U.S. and Cameroonian law.
No, Cameroon does not offer a digital nomad visa. Remote workers must obtain a work permit (which typically requires local employer sponsorship) or operate on tourist visas, which is technically not permitted for work. This makes Cameroon an unsuitable choice for most digital nomads seeking legal long-term residency.
Cameroon's overall quality of life score is 35.9 out of 100, one of the lowest globally. Limited healthcare, safety concerns, small expat community, and infrastructure challenges make it a difficult destination for most Americans. It appeals primarily to those with specific work assignments or deep ties to the country, not as a lifestyle choice.
Cameroon does not offer a retirement visa, and there is no formal pathway for retirees to establish residency. Retirees would need to secure a work permit or operate on tourist visas, neither of which is practical for long-term retirement. Cameroon is not a viable retirement destination for Americans.
The average monthly rent for a 1-bedroom apartment in the city center is $278.
Yes. A single person can live in Cameroon on roughly $1,500 a month. Average rent outside the city center runs $148/month, with living expenses around $761/month.

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