Caldas da Rainha, Portugal

With a population of just over 51,700, Caldas da Rainha is a medium-sized Portuguese city that doesn't sugarcoat its challenges. The tax burden is heavy, and bureaucracy is a persistent headache for residents. However, the city's claim to fame - its therapeutic sulphurous hot springs - are a unique draw, offering a distinctive lifestyle for those seeking a slower pace and natural remedies. While not the most glamorous destination, Caldas da Rainha could be an appealing option for retirees and wellness-focused expats looking to stretch their budgets.