Hovd, Mongolia

Capital City

Living in the remote Hovd province of western Mongolia is no easy feat. The city itself had a population of just 29,046 as of 2010, with over 32,000 in the surrounding Jargalant district. While the area boasts a museum and natural attractions, the frigid, dry climate and minimal precipitation make for a harsh living environment.

Bureaucracy can be a persistent headache, as the city was "moved" by Qing administrators after the destruction of the local Dzungar Khanate in the 18th century. Horticulture has long been a focus, though, with the city's origins dating back to a Dzungar khan establishing it in 1685.

Only the hardiest of adventurers should consider Hovd - it's a remote outpost, far from the comforts of modern life.