Ürümqi, China

Capital City

With a population of over 4 million, Ürümqi is the second-largest city in China's remote northwest. While it has seen significant economic development, the city's harsh winters, air pollution, and bureaucratic headaches make it a challenging place to live. Ürümqi's remoteness - it's the most inland city in the world - means residents must contend with a 2-hour time lag and limited transportation links. Those drawn to Ürümqi's strategic location and regional importance may find the tradeoffs worth it, but for most, this isolated Xinjiang capital is best avoided.