Sanmiao, China

With a population of just 35,877, Sanmiao is a tiny speck on the map of China - and its history is even more obscure. This ancient tribal confederation was brutally crushed and subjugated centuries ago, and the scattered survivors have struggled to maintain their cultural identity ever since. Bureaucracy remains a persistent headache, as the local government still works to "civilize" the remaining Sanmiao people.

Those seeking an authentic, off-the-beaten-path experience may find Sanmiao intriguing, but the lack of infrastructure and lingering tensions with authorities make it a poor choice for the average expat. This is a destination best suited for seasoned, adventurous travelers with a deep appreciation for China's complex history and ethnic diversity.