Jelilyüzi, China

The population here is a modest 365,307, but don't let the small-town vibe fool you - the bureaucracy is a persistent headache. Yining County, home to the town of Jëlilyüzi, was originally known as Ningyuan County when it was established in 1888. Today, the region's history as part of the Turkic Khanate and Dzungar Khanate adds an intriguing cultural layer, but the harsh continental climate can be a challenge. For those seeking an authentic taste of Xinjiang life away from the crowds, Jëlilyüzi may fit the bill, but the red tape is enough to test even the most patient expat's resolve.