Itabaianinha, Brazil

With a population of just 30,885, this remote Brazilian municipality is not for the faint of heart. Itabaianinha is known for its unusually high concentration of dwarfism, the result of generations of intermarriage within the community. While the condition has no effect on lifespan, the local government's push to provide hormonal treatment to affected youth suggests a persistent bureaucratic headache. And with the dwarf population dwindling to around 100, the so-called "city of dwarfs" may soon lose its most distinctive feature. Unless you're an adventurous soul drawn to niche medical curiosities, Itabaianinha is probably best avoided.